# Ruby Powers

> Person profile: https://www.xh1b.org/person/powers-ruby-7233c30baf

Ruby Powers is recorded in the attorney field on 12 H-1B labor condition applications. These filings are certified, have a reported wage and have no quality flag. On filings with BLS matches, the worker-weighted offered wage is $88,729/year, compared with a worker-weighted BLS benchmark of $92,303/year. These are filing wage offers, not payroll observations.

| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Role | Attorney |
| Certified H-1B filings with reported wages and no quality flag | 12 |
| US workers displaced (modeled) | 15.092 |

## Wage signal

| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Average offered wage | $89K |
| Matched worker-weighted offered wage | $89K |
| Matched worker-weighted BLS occupation medians | $92K |
| Wage filings with benchmark matches | 12 |
| Wage filings without benchmark matches | 0 |
| Requested workers with benchmark matches | 12 |
| Gap vs BLS market rate | 4% below the BLS median |
| Shortfall below matched BLS benchmark | 4% |

## US workers displaced (modeled)

| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Base rate (1.0 per certified worker) | 12 |
| Wage-gap multiplier | 3 |
| Certified filings | 12 |
| Filings below BLS median | 11 |
| **Total (modeled)** | **15** |
| Exposure method version | v1.2 |

These are derived estimates, not raw counts. The formula and every component are shown on the full HTML page.

The displacement figure is a derived estimate. It uses the LCA formula only. WARN layoffs attach to employers, not persons.

## Filings by year

| Year | Filings | Workers | Employers |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2016 | 5 | 5 | 4 |
| 2017 | 8 | 8 | 5 |

## Offered-wage percentiles (15 filings)

| p10 | p25 | Median | p75 | p90 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| $56K | $67K | $72K | $113K | $135K |

## Employers filed for (of 10)

| Employer | Filings |
|---|---|
| [Evans Consoles Incorporated](https://www.xh1b.org/org/evans-consoles-incorporated-75b259ebd5) | 3 |
| [Texas-German AUTOHAUS, LP](https://www.xh1b.org/org/texas-german-autohaus-lp-4ca7a9de3e) | 3 |
| [Western Falcon LLC](https://www.xh1b.org/org/western-falcon-llc-5623fb5cc3) | 2 |
| [DLZP Group LLC](https://www.xh1b.org/org/dlzp-group-llc-f824640f09) | 1 |
| [Virage Capital MANAGEMENT, LP](https://www.xh1b.org/org/virage-capital-management-lp-b9d28b5f80) | 1 |
| [Layher Inc.](https://www.xh1b.org/org/layher-inc-5fbdd0d3d2) | 1 |
| [CME Printing Inc](https://www.xh1b.org/org/cme-printing-inc-f174470edf) | 1 |
| [Milestone Environmental SERVICES, LLC](https://www.xh1b.org/org/milestone-environmental-services-llc-a83c005ede) | 1 |

## Recent LCA filings (latest 10 of 15)

| Case number | Employer | Job title | Wage | Decision |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [I-200-17109-730692](https://www.xh1b.org/lca/I-200-17109-730692) | [EVANS CONSOLES INCORPORATED](https://www.xh1b.org/org/evans-consoles-incorporated-75b259ebd5) | REGIONAL SALES MANAGER--LATIN AMERICA | $113K | 2017-04-25 |
| [I-200-17079-854615](https://www.xh1b.org/lca/I-200-17079-854615) | [WESTERN FALCON LLC](https://www.xh1b.org/org/western-falcon-llc-5623fb5cc3) | TECHNOLOGY DIRECTOR | $150K | 2017-03-24 |
| [I-200-17076-670979](https://www.xh1b.org/lca/I-200-17076-670979) | [EVANS CONSOLES INCORPORATED](https://www.xh1b.org/org/evans-consoles-incorporated-75b259ebd5) | REGIONAL SALES MANAGER--LATIN AMERICA | $113K | 2017-03-23 |
| [I-200-17069-982519](https://www.xh1b.org/lca/I-200-17069-982519) | [WESTERN FALCON LLC](https://www.xh1b.org/org/western-falcon-llc-5623fb5cc3) | TECHNOLOGY DIRECTOR | $151K | 2017-03-22 |
| [I-200-17075-085924](https://www.xh1b.org/lca/I-200-17075-085924) | [EVANS CONSOLES INCORPORATED](https://www.xh1b.org/org/evans-consoles-incorporated-75b259ebd5) | REGIONAL SALES MANAGER--LATIN AMERICA | $113K | 2017-03-17 |
| [I-200-17069-625765](https://www.xh1b.org/lca/I-200-17069-625765) | [DOUBLE HORN BREWING COMPANY, LLC](https://www.xh1b.org/org/double-horn-brewing-company-llc-9ae4fef400) | OPERATIONS RESEARCH ANALYST | $66K | 2017-03-17 |
| [I-200-17072-818463](https://www.xh1b.org/lca/I-200-17072-818463) | [INTEGRANET PHYSICIAN RESOURCE, INC](https://www.xh1b.org/org/integranet-physician-resource-inc-b49981fee5) | DATABASE ANALYST II | $83K | 2017-03-17 |
| [I-200-17069-100035](https://www.xh1b.org/lca/I-200-17069-100035) | [TEXAS-GERMAN AUTOHAUS, LP](https://www.xh1b.org/org/texas-german-autohaus-lp-4ca7a9de3e) | TECHNICAL SPECIALIST | $66K | 2017-03-16 |
| [I-203-16110-927882](https://www.xh1b.org/lca/I-203-16110-927882) | [VIRAGE CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LP](https://www.xh1b.org/org/virage-capital-management-lp-b9d28b5f80) | FINANCIAL ANALYST | $68K | 2016-04-28 |
| [I-200-16082-438743](https://www.xh1b.org/lca/I-200-16082-438743) | [TEXAS-GERMAN AUTOHAUS, LP](https://www.xh1b.org/org/texas-german-autohaus-lp-4ca7a9de3e) | TECHNICAL SPECIALIST | $68K | 2016-03-28 |

Source data: DOL OFLC LCA disclosures, SEC EDGAR, state SOS filings.


## References

<a id="reference-data-lca-data-bls-data-dataset-state-sos-sec-proxy-disclosures-sec-form4-calculation-method-indicators-method-registered-agent-role-displacement-method-downstream-method-lca-data"></a>

1. Dataset documentation · DOL OFLC. [LCA public disclosure record layout (FY2026 Q3)](https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ETA/oflc/pdfs/FY26Q3/LCA_Record_Layout_FY2026_Q3.pdf). Pages 1–4: application, DOL outcome and dates, requested positions, employer, representatives, worksites and pay units. This layout covers determinations issued October 1, 2025 through June 30, 2026. It documents employer-provided application fields and DOL decisions, not USCIS decisions, payroll verification, legal bills or worker-linked moves. Older layouts can differ. Checked 2026-10-17.

<a id="reference-data-lca-data-bls-data-dataset-state-sos-sec-proxy-disclosures-sec-form4-calculation-method-indicators-method-registered-agent-role-displacement-method-downstream-method-bls-data"></a>

2. Dataset documentation · BLS. [OEWS technical notes (May 2025)](https://www.bls.gov/oes/2025/may/oes_tec.htm). Scope of the survey; occupational coding; concepts and estimation methodology. Documents occupation and geographic wage estimates, not an individual worker’s pay. Use the estimate year and geography stated by the site; older releases can differ. Checked 2026-10-17.

<a id="reference-data-lca-data-bls-data-dataset-state-sos-sec-proxy-disclosures-sec-form4-calculation-method-indicators-method-registered-agent-role-displacement-method-downstream-method-dataset-state-sos"></a>
<a id="reference-data-lca-data-bls-data-dataset-state-sos-sec-proxy-disclosures-sec-form4-calculation-method-indicators-method-registered-agent-role-displacement-method-downstream-method-calculation-method"></a>
<a id="reference-data-lca-data-bls-data-dataset-state-sos-sec-proxy-disclosures-sec-form4-calculation-method-indicators-method-registered-agent-role-displacement-method-downstream-method-indicators-method"></a>

3. XH1B method or registry · XH1B. [State Corporate Registries (Registered Agents): source registry; Calculation and Matching Methods; Reading Public Records and Derived Indicators](https://www.xh1b.org/data-sources). Source registry entry: state-sos; Filing units, annualization, weighting, wage comparisons, and inference limits; Reading records: units, source coverage, wage gaps, entity links, and inference limits. XH1B dataset description: Registered-agent and registered-office fields identify who receives legal notices. Texas, for example, permits registered-agent service companies to represent businesses. Shared agent or address details are review leads. They do not, by themselves, establish shared ownership, a shell company, or a violation. State rules vary.; These are the site's review methods, not validated predictions of wrongdoing. Inspect underlying records and alternative explanations.

<a id="reference-data-lca-data-bls-data-dataset-state-sos-sec-proxy-disclosures-sec-form4-calculation-method-indicators-method-registered-agent-role-displacement-method-downstream-method-sec-proxy-disclosures"></a>

4. Law or rulemaking · U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. [Schedule 14A: directors, officers and security ownership](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-17/section-240.14a-101). Schedule 14A, Items 6(d) and 7: security-ownership and director/executive-officer disclosures. Defines proxy disclosure requirements. A filing describes a stated period or date. An omitted name does not establish a departure. A site identity match does not establish ownership or current service. Checked 2026-10-18.

<a id="reference-data-lca-data-bls-data-dataset-state-sos-sec-proxy-disclosures-sec-form4-calculation-method-indicators-method-registered-agent-role-displacement-method-downstream-method-sec-form4"></a>

5. Guidance · SEC. [Form 4: Statement of Changes in Beneficial Ownership](https://www.sec.gov/files/form4.pdf). March 2026 revision; page 1 relationship boxes; pages 2–3 holdings/transactions; instructions 1(c) and 4. A reporting-person role differs from a numeric holding. One issuer filing can contain multiple transaction rows. Checked 2026-10-18.

<a id="reference-data-lca-data-bls-data-dataset-state-sos-sec-proxy-disclosures-sec-form4-calculation-method-indicators-method-registered-agent-role-displacement-method-downstream-method-registered-agent-role"></a>

6. Guidance · Texas Secretary of State. [Registered Agents FAQs](https://www.sos.state.tx.us/corp/registeredagentfaqs.shtml). What is a registered agent?; Who can be a registered agent?; registered-agent service companies. A registered agent receives legal notices. A service company can represent unrelated entities. Shared agent details do not, by themselves, establish shared ownership or misconduct. Other states have their own rules. Checked 2026-10-08.

<a id="reference-data-lca-data-bls-data-dataset-state-sos-sec-proxy-disclosures-sec-form4-calculation-method-indicators-method-registered-agent-role-displacement-method-downstream-method-displacement-method"></a>

7. XH1B method or registry · XH1B. [Displacement Model and Assumptions](https://www.xh1b.org/displacement). Eligibility, requested-position weighting, scopes, WARN matching, and counting limits. Model outputs are estimates. A matched layoff notice does not prove that an H-1B worker replaced a laid-off worker.

<a id="reference-data-lca-data-bls-data-dataset-state-sos-sec-proxy-disclosures-sec-form4-calculation-method-indicators-method-registered-agent-role-displacement-method-downstream-method-downstream-method"></a>

8. XH1B method or registry · XH1B. [Downstream Research and Methods](https://www.xh1b.org/downstream#downstream-methods). Study populations, parameter bounds, baselines, and expected outcomes; linked model card.