County intelligence

Butler County

Ohio (OH) · FIPS 39017 · 627 employers · 2,289 filings with wage data

Employers in Butler, OH logged 2,454 certified H-1B applications requesting 4,842 workers across 613 companies. The median offered wage is $75,000/yr. The largest filers are Miami University, Igate Technologies Inc. and Birlasoft Inc. The displacement model assigns 8.87K worker-equivalent exposures to these filings. Separately, 2,685 layoffs appear in matched WARN notices.

Source import recorded Sep 2, 2026

What the local records contain / DOL & WARN

What XH1B calculates / Local wage comparisons

How to read the wage comparison

County averages mix occupations and years. Offered wages and the latest available national BLS occupation medians are averaged separately over available records, so their populations can differ. This is a screening comparison, not a comparison of matched filings or a finding about an individual wage.

Definitions & methodology ↗

Filings & wages

Annual filing records and a county-level wage comparison.

Filing history

Annual DOL filing records. Workers requested are not confirmed hires.

0100200300400500600700peak 209 (2017)2007: 16 filings (19 workers)2008: 140 filings (156 workers)2009: 84 filings (90 workers)2010: 35 filings (45 workers)2011: 106 filings (134 workers)2012: 108 filings (682 workers)2013: 79 filings (360 workers)2014: 26 filings (114 workers)2015: 193 filings (487 workers)2016: 203 filings (703 workers)2017: 209 filings (536 workers)2018: 180 filings (397 workers)2019: 172 filings (219 workers)2020: 137 filings (188 workers)2021: 142 filings (163 workers)2022: 143 filings (146 workers)2023: 166 filings (222 workers)2024: 182 filings (187 workers)2025: 206 filings (215 workers)2026: 39 filings (48 workers)200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262007: 19 workers2008: 156 workers2009: 90 workers2010: 45 workers2011: 134 workers2012: 682 workers2013: 360 workers2014: 114 workers2015: 487 workers2016: 703 workers2017: 536 workers2018: 397 workers2019: 219 workers2020: 188 workers2021: 163 workers2022: 146 workers2023: 222 workers2024: 187 workers2025: 215 workers2026: 48 workersfilings
filingsworkers (scaled)
Inspect filing outcomes All available years and DOL statuses

Certified, denied, and withdrawn counts describe application decisions. They do not measure visas issued or workers hired.

Offered-wage distribution

Percentiles across 2,219 positive year-unit LCA offers, all outcomes and visa classes.

$39,740$63,977$88,213$112,449$136,686$74,755annual wage

Application outcomes all available years

  • Certified2,416 · 95.6%
  • Denied53 · 2.1%
  • Withdrawn59 · 2.3%
How this distribution is built Year-unit offers, all outcomes and visa classes

The distribution covers positive offers with wage unit Year, across all outcomes and visa classes. It differs from the certified H-1B summary cohort. It does not adjust for occupation, employer, or worksite mix.

Downstream impact

Conditional effects of this county's modeled displacement exposure.

Americans displaced (modeled estimate)

8,870

The math
Base (1 per certified worker)
+4,842
Wage-gap multiplier

1671 of 2454 filings below BLS median

+1,343
WARN layoffs (government-reported)

18 notices filed

+2,685
Total8,870

Σ workers×(1+wage_gap) + Σ WARN layoffs. The 1.0 base rate per certified H-1B worker request is a site model assumption. Wage gap multiplier = (BLS median − offered wage) / BLS median, applied only to filings offering less than the BLS median. Related research provides context, not validation of these exact coefficients. This is a modeled estimate, not a count of actual displacements. WARN layoff counts are government-reported.

Exposure method v1.2 · This is a modeled worker-equivalent count.

Modeled consequence estimates

Conditional impacts associated with modeled displacement

Explore Butler County’s scenarioEarnings · children · health · adjust the worker count

These are conditional population estimates scaled from Butler County's current modeled displacement count. They are not observed outcomes, a prediction about any person, or evidence that this entity caused displacement.

Exposure method v1.2 (stored with this aggregate) · benchmarked to the latest BLS survey. Consequence parameters v1.54; build v1.54+engine0.4.1+d84162591c94d06c8148c4834ae705ff3f9a015c29955d95d26749834cd136ed+national-reference1

Excess deaths over 20 years

Illustrative reference calculation · population applicability is not established

255.08

Range: 99.89 to 444.33

20-year reference scenario: high-seniority male displacement effect. This is not an expected count for an unknown population.

Source-profile mortality point (deaths)
255.08031995
No sustained excess from year 7 (deaths)
182.035274007

Declared structural comparison; not a confidence interval or a model probability.

Baseline population: US prime-age men (45-54).

Child lifetime earnings lost

Illustrative reference calculation · population applicability is not established

$4.2B

Range: $1.1B to $7.2B

Canadian father–son firm-closure effect, applied to a US male lifetime-earnings baseline in 2024 dollars. The reference result uses 2 children per worker.

Baseline population: US male median lifetime earnings.

The mortality effect comes from a high-seniority male study cohort. Treat the count as a reference scenario unless the population matches. A mixed population needs a reviewed transport rule.

The range is the engine's parameter-support envelope: it varies declared parameters only and adds none of the exposure input's uncertainty.

The math, limits, and citations

Illustrative reference calculation scaled by the supplied worker-equivalent exposure. Two children per worker; 20-year mortality follow-up. This does not establish that an entity caused these outcomes.

Input SHA-256: a771d456f24b73ab4a27e51e83ec07640a0d93114d4ffc968aae925e700d843d

Excess deaths over 20 years: {"status":"illustrative_reference_calculation","eligible_for_public_headline":false,"target_population":null,"decision":null,"transport_assumptions":["high-tenure male mass-layoff cohort, ages 45–54","Pennsylvania early-1980s response transported to target place and calendar time","fixed baseline age rate over follow-up; cohort aging is not modeled"],"reason":"Target cohort applicability and transport have not been established for this outcome; display as an illustrative reference calculation."}

Child lifetime earnings lost: {"status":"illustrative_reference_calculation","eligible_for_public_headline":false,"target_population":null,"decision":null,"transport_assumptions":["Canadian father-son firm-closure estimate transported to the target families","US male synthetic career earnings convert a relative adult earnings effect to dollars","lifetime dollars are undiscounted; this is not an annual loss"],"reason":"Target cohort applicability and transport have not been established for this outcome; display as an illustrative reference calculation."}

Projection eligibility: {"child":{"status":"direct_estimate","eligible_for_validated_direct_contrast":true,"reason":"direct displacement-to-child adult earnings estimate; transport still requires an applicability decision"},"grandchild":{"status":"structural_projection","eligible_for_validated_direct_contrast":false,"reason":"combines a direct child estimate with an intergenerational persistence assumption; not an identified displacement intervention effect"},"greatgrandchild":{"status":"source_withdrawn","eligible_for_validated_direct_contrast":false,"reason":"source withdrawn for grandchild_earnings->greatgrandchild_earnings: The source measures earnings for three generations and education for four. It does not estimate .55 causal gap transmission to a fourth earnings generation. Retaining a projection would require an explicit uncalibrated assumption, not a source-identified default."}}

Exposure source: {"source":"one-worker normalized reference input","method":"scale by the stored warehouse worker-equivalent exposure at read time"}

Exact values: excess deaths over 20 years 255.08031995 (range 99.8927122801 to 444.331284169); child lifetime earnings lost $4,247,630,240.96 (range $1,103,280,582.07 to $7,171,323,783.43);

The displayed range is a parameter-support envelope, not a confidence interval.

Place reference: national reference.

Not included: exposure estimation error; baseline estimation error; unmodeled pathways.

Blocked model paths: local_service_jobs_lost: requires a documented net local loss of tradable jobs; worker displacement alone is not this exposure.

  • Excess deaths over 20 years: sullivan2009 (earnings_shock->mortality_peak; canonical) Study population: US high-seniority displaced men born 1930-1959.
  • Excess deaths over 20 years: sullivan2009 (earnings_shock->mortality_offset_1; canonical) Study population: US high-seniority displaced men born 1930-1959.
  • Excess deaths over 20 years: sullivan2009 (earnings_shock->mortality_offsets_2_3; canonical) Study population: US high-seniority displaced men born 1930-1959.
  • Excess deaths over 20 years: sullivan2009 (earnings_shock->mortality_offsets_4_5; canonical) Study population: US high-seniority displaced men born 1930-1959.
  • Excess deaths over 20 years: sullivan2009 (earnings_shock->mortality_sustained; canonical) Study population: US high-seniority displaced men born 1930-1959.
  • Child lifetime earnings lost: oreopoulos2008 (displacement->child_earnings; EXACT) Study population: Canada 39k father-son pairs firm closures.
Scenario assumptions, sensitivity and source records

Outcome statistics use the displayed exposure. Baselines, coefficients, annual family schedules and component records retain their source normalization.

{
  "displayed_workers": 8869.666,
  "source_normalization_workers": 1,
  "applicability": {
    "excess_deaths": {
      "status": "illustrative_reference_calculation",
      "eligible_for_public_headline": false,
      "target_population": null,
      "decision": null,
      "transport_assumptions": [
        "high-tenure male mass-layoff cohort, ages 45–54",
        "Pennsylvania early-1980s response transported to target place and calendar time",
        "fixed baseline age rate over follow-up; cohort aging is not modeled"
      ],
      "reason": "Target cohort applicability and transport have not been established for this outcome; display as an illustrative reference calculation."
    },
    "child_lifetime_earnings_lost_usd": {
      "status": "illustrative_reference_calculation",
      "eligible_for_public_headline": false,
      "target_population": null,
      "decision": null,
      "transport_assumptions": [
        "Canadian father-son firm-closure estimate transported to the target families",
        "US male synthetic career earnings convert a relative adult earnings effect to dollars",
        "lifetime dollars are undiscounted; this is not an annual loss"
      ],
      "reason": "Target cohort applicability and transport have not been established for this outcome; display as an illustrative reference calculation."
    }
  },
  "target_population": null,
  "projection_eligibility": {
    "child": {
      "status": "direct_estimate",
      "eligible_for_validated_direct_contrast": true,
      "reason": "direct displacement-to-child adult earnings estimate; transport still requires an applicability decision"
    },
    "grandchild": {
      "status": "structural_projection",
      "eligible_for_validated_direct_contrast": false,
      "reason": "combines a direct child estimate with an intergenerational persistence assumption; not an identified displacement intervention effect"
    },
    "greatgrandchild": {
      "status": "source_withdrawn",
      "eligible_for_validated_direct_contrast": false,
      "reason": "source withdrawn for grandchild_earnings->greatgrandchild_earnings: The source measures earnings for three generations and education for four. It does not estimate .55 causal gap transmission to a fourth earnings generation. Retaining a projection would require an explicit uncalibrated assumption, not a source-identified default."
    }
  },
  "child_applicability": {
    "source": "oreopoulos2008",
    "source_age_at_displacement": [
      10,
      14
    ],
    "source_child_sex": "Male",
    "source_parent_sex": "Male",
    "source_geography": "Canada",
    "source_event": "father firm closure 1980-1982",
    "target_child_profiles": null,
    "incompatible_children": [],
    "unknown_children": [],
    "source_income_quartile": null,
    "income_rank_definition": null,
    "eligible_for_reviewed_transport": false,
    "status": "unknown",
    "limitations": [
      "No response curve across child ages is identified by this narrow cohort.",
      "Income groups refer to father's average pre-displacement income in 1978-1979; target rank mapping requires a transport argument.",
      "A subgroup's nonsignificant coefficient is retained with its uncertainty, not replaced with zero."
    ]
  },
  "child_valuation": null,
  "assumptions": {
    "mortality_method": "odds_survival",
    "mortality_timing": "Source-offset profile: displacement, +1, +2–3, +4–5, and +6+; displacement is follow-up year 1, so offset +6 begins in follow-up year 7. Annual baseline rates use a constant-hazard rate-to-risk conversion; odds ratios modify annual risk, and survival compounds across phases. The selected baseline age rate is held fixed over the follow-up horizon.",
    "mortality_contract": {
      "method": "odds_survival",
      "timing": "source_profile",
      "baseline_conversion": "1-exp(-annual_rate)",
      "phases": [
        {
          "phase": "displacement",
          "start_offset": 0,
          "duration_years": 1,
          "first_follow_up_year": 1
        },
        {
          "phase": "offset_1",
          "start_offset": 1,
          "duration_years": 1,
          "first_follow_up_year": 2
        },
        {
          "phase": "offsets_2_3",
          "start_offset": 2,
          "duration_years": 2,
          "first_follow_up_year": 3
        },
        {
          "phase": "offsets_4_5",
          "start_offset": 4,
          "duration_years": 2,
          "first_follow_up_year": 5
        },
        {
          "phase": "offset_6_plus",
          "start_offset": 6,
          "duration_years": null,
          "first_follow_up_year": 7
        }
      ],
      "description": "Source-offset profile: displacement, +1, +2–3, +4–5, and +6+; displacement is follow-up year 1, so offset +6 begins in follow-up year 7. Annual baseline rates use a constant-hazard rate-to-risk conversion; odds ratios modify annual risk, and survival compounds across phases. The selected baseline age rate is held fixed over the follow-up horizon."
    },
    "place_application": "initial_only",
    "place_counterfactual": "national child-dollar result is the reference"
  },
  "exposure_provenance": {
    "source": "one-worker normalized reference input",
    "method": "scale by the stored warehouse worker-equivalent exposure at read time"
  },
  "place": null,
  "place_mix": [],
  "input_content_sha256": "a771d456f24b73ab4a27e51e83ec07640a0d93114d4ffc968aae925e700d843d",
  "engine_version": "0.4.1",
  "bundle_sha256": "d84162591c94d06c8148c4834ae705ff3f9a015c29955d95d26749834cd136ed",
  "exposure_input_sha256": "8b4c78f6529f0fbefd8fc3154c9e9b976065d910b4c6e9d55690e36d5c3cdeaa",
  "input_hash": null,
  "engine_sha256": "d84162591c94d06c8148c4834ae705ff3f9a015c29955d95d26749834cd136ed",
  "adapter_sha256": "5fe4b51a9cebfb247cfcd74c734a2b6cb0eae44fce1073917b01455525c6ae52",
  "outcomes": {
    "excess_deaths": {
      "point": 255.0803199500231,
      "low": 99.89271228012258,
      "high": 444.33128416860546,
      "unit": "deaths",
      "baseline": {
        "value": 0.004944,
        "annual_probability": 0.004931798548274205,
        "unit": "deaths_per_person_year",
        "citation": "cdc_wonder D76 (Underlying Cause of Death, 1999-2020), Male 45-54 years, pooled 2015-2019: 514314 deaths / 104024440 person-years = 494.4 per 100k; pulled 2026-09-06 via scraper.cli wonder-mortality into warehouse wonder_mortality",
        "population": "US prime-age men (45-54)",
        "notes": "Pre-pandemic window: excludes 2020 (COVID-distorted; 2020 crude rate 601.5/100k). Single-year 2019 = 490.0/100k. Ages 45-54 match the Sullivan & von Wachter prime-age counterfactual population",
        "sex": "Male",
        "age": "45-54 years",
        "years": "2015-2019",
        "cause": "All causes",
        "geography": "US"
      },
      "steps": [
        {
          "link": "earnings_shock->mortality_peak",
          "phase": "displacement",
          "point": 2.6698,
          "low": 2.1144,
          "high": 3.3711,
          "citation": "sullivan2009",
          "tier": "canonical",
          "population_scope": "US high-seniority displaced men born 1930-1959",
          "evidence_role": "conditional"
        },
        {
          "link": "earnings_shock->mortality_offset_1",
          "phase": "offset_1",
          "point": 1.9838,
          "low": 1.3697,
          "high": 2.8732,
          "citation": "sullivan2009",
          "tier": "canonical",
          "population_scope": "US high-seniority displaced men born 1930-1959",
          "evidence_role": "conditional"
        },
        {
          "link": "earnings_shock->mortality_offsets_2_3",
          "phase": "offsets_2_3",
          "point": 1.7315,
          "low": 1.3238,
          "high": 2.2649,
          "citation": "sullivan2009",
          "tier": "canonical",
          "population_scope": "US high-seniority displaced men born 1930-1959",
          "evidence_role": "conditional"
        },
        {
          "link": "earnings_shock->mortality_offsets_4_5",
          "phase": "offsets_4_5",
          "point": 1.2712,
          "low": 0.97,
          "high": 1.6661,
          "citation": "sullivan2009",
          "tier": "canonical",
          "population_scope": "US high-seniority displaced men born 1930-1959",
          "evidence_role": "conditional"
        },
        {
          "link": "earnings_shock->mortality_sustained",
          "phase": "offset_6_plus",
          "point": 1.1354,
          "low": 1.0335,
          "high": 1.2474,
          "citation": "sullivan2009",
          "tier": "canonical",
          "population_scope": "US high-seniority displaced men born 1930-1959",
          "evidence_role": "conditional"
        }
      ],
      "components": {
        "follow_up_years": 20,
        "method": "odds_survival",
        "timing": "source_profile"
      },
      "applicability": {
        "status": "illustrative_reference_calculation",
        "eligible_for_public_headline": false,
        "target_population": null,
        "decision": null,
        "transport_assumptions": [
          "high-tenure male mass-layoff cohort, ages 45–54",
          "Pennsylvania early-1980s response transported to target place and calendar time",
          "fixed baseline age rate over follow-up; cohort aging is not modeled"
        ],
        "reason": "Target cohort applicability and transport have not been established for this outcome; display as an illustrative reference calculation."
      },
      "interpretation": "Conditional modeled expected difference; parameter bands are support envelopes, not a confidence interval.",
      "persistence_sensitivity": {
        "available": true,
        "status": "declared_structural_sensitivity",
        "eligible_for_public_headline": false,
        "unit": "deaths",
        "variants": {
          "source_profile": {
            "point": 255.0803199500231,
            "low": 99.89271228012258,
            "high": 444.33128416860546,
            "evidence_status": "source_profile_with_transport_assumptions",
            "citations": [
              "sullivan2009"
            ]
          },
          "no_sustained_excess": {
            "point": 182.0352740066396,
            "low": 81.51990605793762,
            "high": 313.64270480978746,
            "evidence_status": "structural_assumption",
            "motivating_citations": [
              "eliasonstorrie2009"
            ],
            "assumption": "Retain source odds through offset +5; set offset +6 onward OR=1.",
            "first_changed_follow_up_year": 7,
            "fixed_late_odds_ratio": 1
          }
        },
        "source_minus_no_sustained_point": 73.04504594338349,
        "structural_point_range": {
          "low": 182.0352740066396,
          "high": 255.0803199500231,
          "interpretation": "Range of point estimates across these two assumptions; not a confidence interval or a bound on the true effect."
        },
        "shared_inputs": [
          "exposure",
          "resolved mortality baseline",
          "follow-up horizon",
          "source odds through offset +5"
        ],
        "limitations": [
          "No probabilities or model-average weights are assigned to the structures.",
          "A nonsignificant long-run estimate does not establish an exactly zero effect.",
          "The Swedish study differs in population, design, effect scale and follow-up; this hybrid does not reproduce its estimates or substitute its hazard ratios for odds ratios.",
          "The cutoff follows the source profile's offset +6 phase, not the Swedish study's windows; persistence beyond its 12-year follow-up is an assumption in either direction.",
          "Baseline aging and target-population transport remain unresolved in both structures."
        ]
      }
    },
    "child_lifetime_earnings_lost_usd": {
      "point": 4247630240.9565034,
      "low": 1103280582.0666249,
      "high": 7171323783.433056,
      "steps": [
        {
          "link": "displacement->child_earnings",
          "kind": "direct",
          "citation": "oreopoulos2008",
          "tier": "EXACT",
          "param_point": 0.9076,
          "param_low": 0.844,
          "param_high": 0.976,
          "value_point": 0.9076,
          "value_low": 0.844,
          "value_high": 0.976,
          "causal_role": "direct_displacement_estimate",
          "population_scope": "Canada 39k father-son pairs firm closures",
          "evidence_role": "conditional"
        }
      ],
      "unit": "usd_2024",
      "baseline": {
        "value": 2591418,
        "unit": "usd_2024",
        "citation": "SSA Annual Statistical Supplement 2025, Table 4.B6 (CWHS/Master Earnings File, 1 percent sample): male median earnings by age, 2023 (preliminary) — synthetic career ages 20-64 = 5x(24218+42561+52485+60423+64962+67506+68160+64854)+2x60666+3x56666 = 2517175 usd_2023; CPI-U annual averages 304.702->313.689 (BLS series CUUR0000SA0, pulled 2026-09-06) -> 2591418 usd_2024; warehouse ssa_median_earnings (pulled via ssa-earnings-download)",
        "population": "US male median lifetime earnings",
        "notes": "Derivation declared: the cross-sectional age profile summed over a 45-year working life (ages 20-64) is a synthetic cohort — the sum of age-band medians approximates rather than equals the median of individual lifetime sums; median-of-workers semantics excludes non-working years; 2023 medians are preliminary (SSA replaces them with final data in a later edition)"
      },
      "applicability": {
        "status": "illustrative_reference_calculation",
        "eligible_for_public_headline": false,
        "target_population": null,
        "decision": null,
        "transport_assumptions": [
          "Canadian father-son firm-closure estimate transported to the target families",
          "US male synthetic career earnings convert a relative adult earnings effect to dollars",
          "lifetime dollars are undiscounted; this is not an annual loss"
        ],
        "reason": "Target cohort applicability and transport have not been established for this outcome; display as an illustrative reference calculation."
      },
      "interpretation": "Conditional modeled expected difference; parameter bands are support envelopes, not a confidence interval."
    }
  }
}

Parameter set v1.54 · model v1.54+engine0.4.1+d84162591c94d06c8148c4834ae705ff3f9a015c29955d95d26749834cd136ed+national-reference1

Local connections

County context, public notices, and linked public records.

Community well-being

Food insecurity, SNAP receipt, mental distress, smoking, and overdose mortality in this area. CDC models these from survey data: treat them as local estimates, not headcounts. Bars compare each estimate against population-weighted averages of all reporting areas for the same data year.

Food insecurity

2023

13.5%: 1.7 points below U.S.

Adults receiving SNAP

2023

10.5%: 1.3 points below U.S.

Frequent mental distress

2023

17.8%: 1.8 points above U.S.

Adult smoking

2023

14.6%: 2.5 points above U.S.

Drug overdose deaths

2021

65.9: 33.8 above U.S.

Source: CDC PLACES 2025 release (BRFSS survey year 2023) and NCHS drug poisoning mortality. PLACES values are model-based small-area estimates, not survey counts. Benchmarks are population-weighted averages across all reporting areas.

Medical workforce context

AHRF supply DOL filingsRecordAHRF county supply data and H-1B medical LCAs. Comparisons use the median US county.
MDs per 100k residents118↑ 57% above
Active MDs (non-federal)464
Nurse practitioners per 100k123↑ 28% above
County population393,043
Primary care HPSA designations3
H-1B medical workers certifiedhealthcare SOCs (29-* + 31-2*)13357% of BLS
Full medical breakdown

Butler County in context

DOL filings CountyRecordH-1B intensity by county across Ohio. This county is highlighted. Click any county to drill in.
Loading map…
Read the county map County-level H-1B intensity

The map gives geographic context. A county average does not classify every filing, employer, or worker within it.

Employers & occupations

The sponsors and job categories recorded in this county.

Employers (627)

DOL filings EmployerRecordRanked by applications in this county.
EmployerFilings
1

Miami University

590
2

Capgemini America Inc. ⚠ Dep

74
3

Tata Consultancy Services Limited ⚠ Dep

68
4

Schneider Electric USA, Inc.

48
5

Birlasoft Inc ⚠ Dep

44
6

Igate Technologies Inc. ⚠ Dep

41
7

Genpact LLC

32
8

Patni Americas, Inc.

32

Job categories (130)

  • Computer and Information Systems Managers$6.1M · 26.2%
  • Business Teachers, Postsecondary$4.3M · 18.7%
  • Software Developers$4.3M · 18.6%
  • Engineering Teachers, Postsecondary$2.1M · 8.9%
  • Electrical Engineers$1.8M · 7.7%
  • Computer Science Teachers, Postsecondary$1.7M · 7.2%
  • Mechanical Engineers$1.5M · 6.6%
  • Foreign Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary$1.4M · 6.2%
DOL wage offers BLS occupationsSignalOccupation averages need not describe each filing.
Job categoryH-1B vs BLS

77 workers · 24 filings · $6.1M wage theft

25-1011 Business Teachers, PostsecondaryH-1B $97.4K vs BLS $99.1K-2%

106 workers · 54 filings · $4.3M wage theft

15-1252 Software DevelopersH-1B $116.3K vs BLS $136K-14%

188 workers · 177 filings · $4.3M wage theft

25-1032 Engineering Teachers, PostsecondaryH-1B $64.4K vs BLS $109.3K-41%

45 workers · 38 filings · $2.1M wage theft

17-2071 Electrical EngineersH-1B $85.8K vs BLS $120.6K-29%

50 workers · 50 filings · $1.8M wage theft

55 workers · 51 filings · $1.7M wage theft

17-2141 Mechanical EngineersH-1B $82.5K vs BLS $104.1K-21%

65 workers · 65 filings · $1.5M wage theft

38 workers · 22 filings · $1.4M wage theft

Labor condition applications (2,583)

DOL filings BLS occupationsRecordAll recorded outcomes and visa classes. Use the wage badge to inspect an offer against available benchmarks.
Title · Worksite

A negative % sits below the BLS market median; a positive % sits above.

What the filing rows show One application per row

Each row links to the disclosure record. A wage comparison is a screening calculation, not a finding of a wage violation.

WARN notices (18)Public layoff notices: open to inspect
WARN EmployerReviewOpen a notice to inspect its stated effective date and worker count. Coverage varies by state; some states file no public WARN data.

Packaging Corporation of America

2026-12-01 · Middletown

91

Sodexo CTM, LLC

2026-10-01 · West Chester

66

80 Acres Urban Agriculture, Inc.

2026-08-03 · Hamilton

145

Day & Ross USA, Inc

2026-05-30 · Hamilton

100

Panera

2026-05-20 · West Chester

70

Kohl's

2025-10-31 · Middletown

768

Ohio Eagle Distributing, LLC

2025-09-08 · West Chester

178

Crothall Healthcare

2025-07-25 · West Chester

61

Records to inspect

Open the linked public records behind this county's filings.

Immigration law firms (237)

DOL filings Law firmRecordNames are shown as recorded.

Federal contracts (713)

Federal awards EmployerRecordAmounts are individual award actions, not total contract values.
FOUR SEASONS ENVIRONMENTAL, INC.
Department of Health and Human Services · Dec 4, 2025
$46.9M
GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY
Department of Defense · Mar 27, 2026
$31M
CFM INTERNATIONAL INC
Department of Defense · Mar 11, 2026
$15.7M
CFM INTERNATIONAL INC
Department of Defense · Dec 19, 2025
$7.3M
MALASHA TECHNOLOGIES INC
Department of Defense · Jan 6, 2026
$6.9M
CFM INTERNATIONAL INC
Department of Defense · Mar 11, 2026
$5.1M
MALASHA TECHNOLOGIES INC
Department of Defense · Dec 5, 2025
$4.4M
FOUR SEASONS ENVIRONMENTAL, INC.
Department of Health and Human Services · May 7, 2026
$4.1M

Evidence & sources

Scope, methods, and source coverage for this county record.

Public source records and site analysis. We do not attest to accuracy. Read the full disclaimer.

Dataset guides and site methods

  1. [1] Dataset documentation · DOL OFLC. LCA public disclosure record layout (FY2026 Q3). Pages 1–4: application, DOL outcome and dates, requested positions, employer, representatives, worksites and pay unitsThis layout covers determinations issued October 1, 2025 through June 30, 2026. It documents employer-provided application fields and DOL decisions, not USCIS decisions, payroll verification, legal bills or worker-linked moves. Older layouts can differ.Checked 2026-10-17.
  2. [2] Dataset documentation · BLS. OEWS technical notes (May 2025). Scope of the survey; occupational coding; concepts and estimation methodologyDocuments occupation and geographic wage estimates, not an individual worker’s pay. Use the estimate year and geography stated by the site; older releases can differ.Checked 2026-10-17.
  3. [3] XH1B method or registry · XH1B. WARN Notices (mass layoffs): source registry; Calculation and Matching Methods; Reading Public Records and Derived Indicators. Source registry entry: warn; Filing units, annualization, weighting, wage comparisons, and inference limits; Reading records: units, source coverage, wage gaps, entity links, and inference limitsXH1B dataset description: One row per source_notice_id. The definition of a mass layoff and the layoff threshold vary by state. The threshold is typically 50 or more employees.; These are the site's review methods, not validated predictions of wrongdoing. Inspect underlying records and alternative explanations.
  4. [4] Dataset documentation · USAspending / U.S. Treasury. Federal Spending Guide: contract transactions. Pages 3, 5, 9 and 17: transactions, amount fields and recipient identifiersContract downloads contain prime award transactions. XH1B’s use of recipient identifiers for employer links is its own processing step.Checked 2026-10-18.
  5. [5] XH1B method or registry · XH1B. Displacement Model and Assumptions. Eligibility, requested-position weighting, scopes, WARN matching, and counting limitsModel outputs are estimates. A matched layoff notice does not prove that an H-1B worker replaced a laid-off worker.
  6. [6] XH1B method or registry · XH1B. Downstream Research and Methods. Study populations, parameter bounds, baselines, and expected outcomes; linked model card
  7. [7] Dataset documentation · HRSA. Area Health Resources Files: 2024–2025 technical documentation. County User Guide: physicians, Table 10 NPI professions, population estimates and missing values; Technical Documentation: variable years and sourcesClinician categories and variable years differ. County APRN counts use NPI taxonomy; physician active and federal status matter. Release year is not the year of every measure.Checked 2026-10-18.
Questions about the data & methods

How many H-1B filings are in Butler County, OH?

2,454 H-1B labor condition applications requesting 4,842 workers have been filed in Butler County, OH, per Department of Labor disclosure records.

How many employers have H-1B filings in Butler County, OH?

613 distinct employers have filed H-1B labor condition applications in Butler County, OH. The employer list on this page is ranked by filings and wage impact.

What worker-equivalent exposure does the displacement model estimate for Butler County, OH?

The model estimates 8,870 worker-equivalents of displacement exposure in Butler County, OH: one per requested worker on a certified H-1B filing, raised where the offered wage sits below the occupation's BLS median, plus government-reported WARN layoffs matched to filings. This is a modeled exposure estimate, not a count of documented job losses; the formula is on the About page.

What is the median H-1B wage in Butler County, OH?

$75,000 per year is the median wage offered on H-1B labor condition applications filed for work in Butler County, OH. The wage-distribution chart on this page shows the spread around that median.

Who files the most H-1B filings in Butler County, OH?

Miami University leads with 590 filings, about 24% of all Butler County, OH filings. Its dossier page carries the full filing, wage, and layoff history.

What share of Butler County, OH H-1B filings does DOL deny?

DOL disclosure records show 2,416 certified, 53 denied, 59 withdrawn of 2,528 labor condition applications with reported outcomes in Butler County, OH. The denial share is 2% across the reported outcomes.

How many WARN layoff notices has Butler County, OH recorded?

18 Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) notices. Where a layoff employer then filed H-1B labor condition applications in the same window, the pair is recorded as a displacement event with an evidence score.

When did H-1B use peak in Butler County, OH?

Filings peaked in 2017 at 209 labor condition applications. The filings-by-year chart on this page shows the full trend since records began.

Which immigration law firms file the most H-1B filings in Butler County, OH?

237 distinct law firms and agents have filed H-1B applications for employers in Butler County, OH. The law-firm table on this page ranks them by filings and by the wage gap their filings carry.

Do Butler County, OH H-1B employers hold federal contracts?

713 federal contract actions in Butler County, OH name employers that also file H-1B labor condition applications. The contracts table links each award to the employer dossier. A shared employer name does not show how award funds were spent.

Where does the Butler County, OH H-1B data come from?

Every figure on this page traces to a public government record: DOL OFLC disclosure files (LCA filings, wages, outcomes), BLS OES wage data (occupation medians), state WARN notices, and federal contract awards. The archive is read-only evidence; nothing is crowdsourced or anonymous.